Transducer: piezoelectric transducer

Piezoelectric Sensor

Piezoelectric Transducer  

• It is example of active and passive transducer. 
• Piezo-electric effect

1. Direct Effect: generating an electric charge when subjecting it to a strain
2. Indirect Effect: Generating a mechanical strain in response to an applied electric field 

•  Piezoelectric Material: 

1. Natural:  Tourmaline; Quartz; Topaz; Rochelle salt 
2. Synthetic: Barium Titanate (BaTiO3); Lead Zirconate (PbZio3); Polymer Films (Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), (-CH2-CF2-)n).

• Applications: 

1. Mechanical variables such as pressure, force and acceleration. 
2. Gas Lighters
3. Quartz clocks
4. Loudspeaker

• Signal Conditioning Circuit: Charge Amplifier 
• Formula for piezoelectric transducer